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KMID : 1038320200170010025
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보건의료교육평가
2020 Volume.17 No. 1 p.25 ~ p.25
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Training in statistical analysis reduces the framing effect on medical students and residentsinArgentina
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Borracci Raul A.
Arribalzaga Eduardo B.
Thierer Jorge
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Abstract
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Purpose: The framing effect refers to a phenomenon whereby, when the same problem is presented using different representations of information, people make significant changes in their decisions.Itaimed to explore whether theframingeffect could be reduced in medical students and residents by teaching them the statistical concepts of effect size, probability, and sampling to be used in the medical decision-making process.
Methods: Ninety-five second-year medical students and 100 second-year medical residentsof Austral University and Buenos Aires University, Argentina were invited to participate in the study between March and June 2017. A questionnaire was developed to assess the different types of framing effects in medical situations. After an initial administration of the survey, students and residents were taught statistical concepts including effect size, probability, and sampling during two individual independent official biostatistics courses. After these interventions, the same questionnaire was randomly applied again, and pre- and post-intervention outcomes were compared for students and residents.
Results: Almost every type of framing effect was reproduced either in the students or in the resident population. After teaching medical students and residents the analytical process behind statistical notions, a significant reduction in sample-size, risky-choice, pseudo-certainty, number-size, attribute, goal, and probabilistic formulation framing effects was observed.
Conclusions: Decision-making of medical students and residents in simulated medical situations may be affected by different frame descriptions, and these framing effects can be partially reduced by training individuals in probability analysis and statistical sampling methods.
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KEYWORD
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Biostatistics, Biometry, Clinical decision-making, Internship and Residency, Medical students
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